ABYSS

DOI: 10.33979/2587-7534-2025-4-126-134

УДК 141.319.8

Азаров К. В., зам. рук. кураторских исследований, кафедра междисциплинарных исследований и практик в области искусств, Ph.D., Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет.

Azarov K. V., Deputy Head of Curatorial Research, Department of Interdisciplinary Research and Practice in the Field of Arts, Ph.D., Saint Petersburg State University.

Толстой занимал антифундаментальную позицию по многим философским вопросам. Он выступал за творческий, свободный образовательный процесс. Толстой помогает оценить этический элемент в антифундаментальной педагогической философии. Для Толстого этот элемент выступает в качестве границы между антифундаментализмом и теорией в образовании, между «know how» и «know what». Однако данность мира требует определённого уровня насилия в любом общении ребёнка и педагога. Необходимость встречи с миром неизбежно должна быть навязана. Это порождает очень тонкую косвенную форму насилия, которую можно было бы назвать воспитательным насилием. Воспитательное насилие — главный враг творческого начала в толстовской философии образования, в образовании в целом и одновременно важный инструмент, который следует учитывать.

Ключевые слова: воспитательное насилие, Толстой, экзистенциальная педагогика, школьная травля, know how, антифундаментализм.

Tolstoy hold an anti-foundationalist position on many philosophical questions. He advocated a creative free educational process. Tolstoy helps to evaluate the ethical element in anti-foundationalist educational philosophy. For Tolstoy this element acts as a borderline between anti-foundationalism and theory in education, between “know how” and “know what.” However, the givenness of the world necessitates some level of violence in any communication between a child and an educator. The necessity meeting the world is not up to child to decide. This generates a very subtle indirect form of violence, which could be called educational violence. The educational violence is the main enemy of the creative element in Tolstoyan education, education in general and also an important tool, which should be considered.

Keywords: educational violence, Tolstoy, existential pedagogy, bullying, know how, anti-foundationalism.

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